As I am sure all of you know Russia has began a full scale war against my home country Ukraine. Please make no mistake - Putin's goal in not to stop the expansion of NATO, not to install puppet government, and certainly not to bring peace. The goal is genocide of Ukrainian people.
When Ukraine was under Russian communist occupation,
Russians started off with killing of political leaders, repression of
Ukrainian language and traditions - including prohibiting people from
celebrating Christmas, and then wide-scale murder of millions of
Ukrainian civilians. We already starting to see this today: Russians are targeting
civilian hospitals, kindergartens, and bomb shelters.
If you are reading this make a phone call
to your government representatives and ask to sanction Russian
federation in absolutely any way possible, and provide military aid to Ukraine. Please just do this little thing to give us a
chance to protect ourselves.
My boss came to me today with "how do I convert this monthly vol to annual?". This is by far not the first time someone asked me to convert x-period volatility to y-period volatility. If you're having trouble doing this, here is a simple trick to remember: figure out the multiplier as if scaling was linear, and take the square root of that multiplier. For example, returns scale linearly with time. If someone gives you a monthly returns to convert to annual, you would simply multiply it by 12. So, in the case of converting monthly volatility to annual, multiply it by √12. If someone gives you annual returns and asks you to calculate daily returns you would divide it by 252. To convert annual volatility to daily volatility divide it by √252.
P.P.S. To convert:
| Daily to weekly | -> | multiply by √5 |
| Daily to monthly | -> | multiply by √21 |
| Daily to quarterly | -> | multiply by √63 |
| Daily to annual | -> | multiply by √252 |
| Weekly to daily | -> | divide by √5 |
| Weekly to monthly | -> | multiply by √4 |
| Weekly to quarterly | -> | multiply by √12.5 |
| Weekly to annual | -> | multiply by √50 |
| Monthly to daily | -> | divide by √21 |
| Monthly to weekly | -> | divide by √4 |
| Monthly to quarterly | -> | multiply by √3 |
| Monthly to annual | -> | multiply by √12 |
| Quarterly to daily | -> | divide by √63 |
| Quarterly to weekly | -> | divide by √12.5 |
| Quarterly to monthly | -> | divide by √3 |
| Quarterly to annual | -> | multiply by √4 |
| Annual to daily | -> | divide by √252 |
| Annual to weekly | -> | divide by √50 |
| Annual to monthly | -> | divide by √12 |
| Annual to quarterly | -> | divide by √4 |
